I'm not British so I'll talk based on my own experience, I'm guessing there will have been a similar experience in Britain.
I didn't in any way grow up in an area or with people particularly bigoted for the time.
I've heard quite a lot of slurs earlier in my life, not directed at me, but about other people and used as general derogatory terms. Concerning race, ethnicity, women, religion, gay people etc. I won't repeat the translated versions here, but if your experience is anything like my own examples will come to mind for you as well.
There seems to be less of it now. Perhaps I'm just less exposed to it, but my impression definitely is that there's less of it. It seems to be deemed politically incorrect to use those words.
I think that's a good thing. That's not the only thing driving more inclusive attitudes of course, but I think it's part of it. I think it helps.
Political correctness can go "too far", be used in the wrong way. This remains an issue on both sides of the political spectrum and should be met with specific objection in those specific instances. Not with a general objection to political correctness imo.